Por falar em numeros... "talking about numbers"

March 21 - Events

• 630 - Byzantine emperor Heraclius restores the True Cross to Jerusalem.
• 717 - Battle of Vincy between Charles Martel and Ragenfrid.
• 1188 - Accession to the throne of Japan by emperor Antoku.
• 1413 - Henry V becomes King of England.
• 1556 - In Oxford, Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer is burned at the stake.
• 1788 - A fire in New Orleans leaves most of the town in ruins.
• 1800 - With the church leadership driven out of Rome during an armed conflict, Pius VII is crowned Pope in Venice with a temporary papal tiara made ofpapier-mâché.
• 1801 - The Battle of Alexandria is fought between British and French forces near the ruins of Nicopolis in Egypt.
• 1804 - Code Napoléon is adopted as French civil law.
• 1821 - First revolutionary act in Monastery of Agia Lavra, Kalavryta, Greek War of Independence.
• 1844 - The Bahá'í calendar begins. This is the first day of the first year of the Bahá'í calendar. It is annually celebrated by members of the Bahá'í Faith as the Bahá'í New Year or Náw-Rúz.
• 1844 - The original date predicted by William Miller for the return of Christ.
• 1857 - An earthquake in Tokyo, Japan kills over 100,000.
• 1859 - Zoological Society of Philadelphia, 1st in US, incorporated
• 1871 - Otto von Bismarck is appointed Chancellor of the German Empire.
• 1871 - Journalist Henry Morton Stanley begins his trek to find the missionary and explorer David Livingstone.
• 1905 - Albert Einstein publishes his theory on special relativity.
• 1913 - Over 360 are killed and 20,000 homes destroyed in the Great Dayton Flood in Dayton, Ohio.
• 1918 - World War I: Second Battle of the Somme begins.
• 1919 - The Hungarian Soviet Republic was established becoming the first Communist government to be formed in Europe after the October Revolution in Russia.
• 1928 - Charles Lindbergh is presented the Medal of Honor for his first trans-Atlantic flight.
• 1933 - Construction of Dachau, the first Nazi Germany concentration camp, is completed.
• 1935 - Shah Reza Pahlavi formally asks the international community to call Persia by its native name, Iran, which means 'Land of the Aryans'.
• 1937 - Ponce Massacre: 18 people and a 7-yr-old girl in Ponce, Puerto Rico are gunned down by a police squad acting under orders of US-appointed PR Governor, Blanton C. Winship.
• 1943 - Massacre of the town of Kalavryta, Greece by German Nazi troops.
• 1945 - World War II: British troops liberate Mandalay, Burma.
• 1952 - Alan Freed presents the Moondog Coronation Ball, the first rock and roll concert, in Cleveland, Ohio.
• 1960 - Apartheid: Massacre in Sharpeville, South Africa: Police open fire on a group of unarmed black South African demonstrators, killing 69 and wounding 180.
• 1963 - Alcatraz, a federal penitentiary on an island in San Francisco Bay, closes.
• 1964 - In Copenhagen, Denmark, Gigliola Cinquetti wins the ninth Eurovision Song Contest for Italy singing "Non ho l'età" ("I'm not old enough").
• 1965 - Ranger program: NASA launches Ranger 9 which is the last in a series of unmanned lunar space probes.
• 1965 - Martin Luther King Jr leads 3,200 people on the start of the third and finally successful civil rights march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama.
• 1968 - Battle of Karameh in Jordan between Israeli Defense Forces and Fatah.
• 1970 - The first Earth Day proclamation is issued by San Francisco Mayor Joseph Alioto.
• 1970 - Vinko Bogataj crashes during a ski-jumping championship in Germany; his image becomes that of the "agony of defeat guy" in the opening credits of ABC's Wide World of Sports.
• 1979 - A 27 is born.
  
• 1980 - US President Jimmy Carter announces a United States boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow to protest the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan.
• 1980 - On the season finale of the soap opera Dallas, the infamous character J.R. Ewing is shot by an unseen assailant, leading to the catchphrase "Who Shot JR?"
• 1985 - Canadian paraplegic athlete and humanitarian Rick Hansen begins his circumnavigation of the globe in a wheelchair in the name of spinal cord injury medical research.
• 1989 - Sports Illustrated reports allegations tying baseball player Pete Rose to baseball gambling.
• 1990 - Namibia becomes independent after 75 years of South African rule.
• 1997 - In a Tel Aviv, Israel coffee shop, a suicide bomber kills 3 and injures 49.
• 1999 - Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones become the first to circumnavigate the Earth in a hot air balloon.
• 2002 - In Pakistan, Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh along with three other suspects are charged with murder for their part in the kidnapping and killing of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
• 2002 - British schoolgirl Amanda Dowler is abducted in broad daylight on her way home from Heathside School in Walton-on-Thames, Surrey.
• 2006 - Immigrant workers constructing the Burj Dubayy in Dubai, The United Arab Emirates and a new terminal of Dubai International Airport join together and riot, causing $1M in damage.

27 (number)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

27 (twenty-seven) is the natural number following 26 and preceding 28. Twenty-seven is the smallest positive integer requiring four syllables to name in English, though it can be unambiguously defined in just two: "three cubed."

In mathematics

Twenty-seven is a perfect cube, being 3³ = 3 × 3 × 3. 27 is therefore the second smallest cube of a prime number. 27 is 3↑↑2 (using Knuth's up-arrow notation). There are exactly 27 straight lines on a smooth cubic surface. 27 is also a decagonal number.

27 has an aliquot sum of 13 and is the first composite member of the 13-aliquot tree with the aliquot sequence (27,13,1,0). Twenty-seven is the aliquot sum of the two odd discrete biprimes69 and 133.

In base 10, it is the first composite number not evenly divisible by any of its digits. It is the radix (base) of the septemvigesimal positional numeral system.

In a prime reciprocal magic square of the multiples of 1/7, the magic constant is 27.

In the Collatz conjecture (aka the "3n + 1 conjecture") a starting value of 27 requires 112 steps to reach 1, many more than any lower number.

The unique simple formally real Jordan algebra, the exceptional Jordan algebra of self-adjoint 3 by 3 matrices of quaternions, is 27-dimensional.^[1]

In base 10, it is a Smith number and a Harshad number.

It is the twenty-eighth (and twenty-ninth) digit in π. (3.141592653589793238462643383279...).

If you start counting with 0 it is considered one of few Self-Locating strings in pi.

In science

• The atomic number of cobalt.

Astronomy

• The Messier object M27, a magnitude 7.5 planetary nebula in the constellation Vulpecula, also known as the Dumbbell Nebula.
• The New General Catalogue object NGC 27, a spiral galaxy in the constellation Andromeda
• The Saros number of the solar eclipse series which began on -1993 March 9 and ended on -713 April 16. The duration of Saros series 27 was 1280.1 years, and it contained 72 solar eclipses. Further, the Saros number of the lunar eclipse series which began on -1944 July 17 and ended on -411 January 23. The duration of Saros series 27 was 1532.5 years, and it contained 86 lunar eclipses.
• The 27th moon of Jupiter is Sinope.
• The planet Uranus has 27 moons

Electronics

• The type 27 vacuum tube (valve), a triode introduced in 1927, was the first tube mass produced for commercial use to incorporate an indirectly heated cathode. This made it the first vacuum tube that could function as a detector in AC-powered radios. Prior to the introduction of the 27, home radios were powered by a set of three or more storage batteries withvoltages of 3 volts to 135 volts.

In religion

• There are a total of 27 books in the New Testament

In music

Wolfgang Mozart was born on January 27, 1756. He completed 27 concerti for piano and orchestra.

Many talented and famous rock/blues musicians died at age 27. These include Robert Johnson, Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, Brian Jones, Jim Morrison, Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, and Kurt Cobain. These musicians who died at this age are often referred to as the 27 Club.

There are many songs titled just "Twenty-Seven," so it will suffice to list the most famous: a song by Scottish band Biffy Clyro from their 2002 album, Blackened Sky; the song by the Dave Matthews Band "#27," which they began playing on their 2007 summer tour; the Lagwagon song on their album Double Plaidinum. Fall Out Boy also has a song titled 27.

The number also occurs buried in the lyrics without occurring in the title. American parodist "Weird Al" Yankovic hides the number in many of his songs and videos.^[2] Ben Weasel also likes to include the number in his songs for his bands Screeching Weasel and The Riverdales.

In the United States, the number 27 is associated with the East Bay punk scene. There is also a band from Boston simply called 27.

In other fields

Twenty-seven is also:

• Gilles Villeneuve's famous Ferrari number now adopted by his son, Formula One World Champion Jacques Villeneuve in his NASCAR debut
• Right Fielder of the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim Vladimir Guerrero's Major League Baseball jersey number
• The total number of letters in the Hebrew alphabet (22 regular letters and 5 final consonants)
• The current number of Amendments to the United States Constitution
• The modal age of the peak performance year for major league baseball position players, according to a commonly accepted theory by sabermetrician Bill James
• The code for international direct-dial phone calls to South Africa
• The designation (I-27) of a US interstate highway in Texas
• The designation (US 27) of a United States national highway from Fort Wayne, Indiana to Miami, Florida
• The name of a cigarette, Marlboro Blend No. 27
• The number of outs in a regulation professional baseball game for each team
• Alternate name for The Hunt, a book by William Diehl
• The number of the French department Eure
• IAbbé Faria's prisoner number in the book The Count of Monte Cristo
• In WWE's annual pay-per-view event Royal Rumble, four WWE Superstars had won the 30-man Royal Rumble at #27 more times than any other number, including #1 and #30.
• The number of species Captain Jean-Luc Picard has made contact with in the series Star Trek: The Next Generation
• One of the anthropomorphic math symbols Lisa Simpson imagines talking to her in The Simpsons episode "Girls Just Want to Have Sums", that instead of offering the expected pun-based aphorism, rather unhelpfully only says "twenty seven"